Artificial selection of living organisms

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 The term “artificial selection” was expressed by the Persian scientist Abu Rayhan Biruni in the 11th century. Charles Darwin also used this term in his work on natural selection. He noted that many

domesticated animals and plants had special properties that were developed by: • 

Intentional breeding among individuals with desirable characteristics; and •  Discouraging the breeding of individuals with less desirable characteristics

Artificial selection (or selective breeding) means intentional breeding between individuals for certain traits, or combination of traits. Selective breeding has revolutionized agricultural and livestock production throughout the world. Animals or plants having desirable characteristics are selected for breeding. In this way, many new generations with desirable characteristics are produced. In artificial selection, the bred animals are known as breeds, while bred plants are known as varieties or cultivars. Numerous breeds of sheep, goat, cow, hen etc. have been produced by artificial selection to increase the production of wool, meat, milk, eggs etc.

Similarly many plant varieties (cultivars) have been produced for better quantity and quality of cereals, fruits and vegetables.

Artificial breeder of hen  


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